Who is this procedure for?
A mammogram is a useful tool in detecting breast cancer because it can show abnormalities, like a tumor, in the breast tissue long before they can be felt. Screening and diagnostic mammography can aid in the detection and diagnosis of breast diseases, lumps, cysts and benign and malignant tumors. They can also detect calcium deposits that may indicate breast cancer.
It is recommended that women over the age of 40 have mammograms annually. Patients with the following risk factors should take extra care to be screened regularly:
- Personal or family history of breast cancer
- Abnormal breast chances
- Long-term use of hormone therapy
What are the types of mammograms?
Mammograms may be performed for screening or diagnostic purposes.
Screening Mammograms
Screenings involve producing images of both breasts in order to detect any tumors that cannot yet be felt under the skin. They can also detect calcium deposits that may indicate breast cancer.
Diagnostic Mammograms
Diagnostic mammograms are performed after a lump or other sign of breast cancer has been detected, or after abnormalities were present during a screening mammogram. This procedure targets a specific area of the breast and takes more detailed images from many different angles
How should I prepare for this procedure?
Patients should not schedule a mammogram the week before they have their period, as the breasts are usually tender at this time.
The doctor may ask the patient not to wear deodorant or lotion under the arms or on the breasts on the day of the mammogram. Otherwise, there is no special preparation needed for the procedure.
What happens during the mammogram procedure?
During a mammogram, the breast is placed on a small platform and compressed with a paddle while it is exposed to a very low dose of radiation. Compression helps even out the thickness of the breast so that all breast tissue can be visualized and also holds the breast still to minimize blurring of the image caused by patient movement. Images of the breast tissue are produced and then displayed on a computer screen for your doctor to view.
During the procedure, the patient may experience pressure on the breast from the compression, which may be uncomfortable if the breasts are sensitive. Most patients tolerate the mammogram procedure with no problem.
A mammogram is considered to be a safe procedure for most women, including those with breast implants. Patients should advise their doctors if they are pregnant or have any pre-existing medical conditions.
What are the benefits of a mammogram?
A mammogram is considered a safe procedure with no side effects. Studies have shown that regular screenings can help reduce the number of breast cancer deaths in women. Detecting cancer early and treating it immediately, before it spreads, increases the patient's chances of remission. Mammography allows doctors to detect small tumors that are easier to treat than larger, more developed tumors.
This procedure can also detect small abnormal growths in the milk ducts of the breast, called ductal carcinoma in situ, also known as DCIS. Early removal of these growths will remove the risk of future harm.